Outline
This Bible Study was mostly created from LessonMaker software (NavPress Software) and the QuickVerse Bible Reference Collection (Parsons Software). This was a lesson taught (or being taught) to the "Sons of Thunder" class (Men 18-40) at Calvary Baptist Church (over several weeks). Thanks for being here at our web site, and may the Lord Jesus Christ be in everything you do!
INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND OF 1 TIMOTHY
Saul the Pharisee
Paul was born in the first decade AD in Tarsus, a prosperous harbor city on the trade route from Syria to Asia Minor. Tarsus was known for its schools of philosophy and liberal arts, and some scholars believe that Paul must have had some contact with these. Like most cities in the Roman Empire, Tarsus probably contained synagogues of Greek-speaking Jews who were often as devout as their Hebrew-speaking brethren.1
However, Paul called himself “a Hebrew of Hebrews” (Phil. 3:5), which probably means that his parents spoke Hebrew and raised him in a strict Jewish home, isolated as much as possible from the pagan city around them.2 They named their boy “Saul” after Israel’s first king, the most glorious member of the tribe of Benjamin, to which Saul’s parents traced their ancestry (Phil. 3:5). It was a rare Jew outside Palestine who could trace a pure lineage back to the ancient days of Israel, and fellow Jews would have envied the pedigree. Furthermore, Saul’s family must have owned property and had some importance in the gentile community as well, for Saul was born not only a citizen of Tarsus (Acts 21:39) but also of Rome (Acts 22:27-28).3
Saul’s parents had such aspirations that they sent their son to study Jewish law in Jerusalem under the foremost rabbi of the day, the Pharisee Gamaliel (Acts 22:3; Galatians 1:14). With Gamaliel, Saul learned a little about Greek rhetoric and oratory, and a lot about Jewish reasoning, arguing, and the Law. The Pharisees (the Hebrew word means “the separated ones”) felt that God had set them apart to live by the Torah (the Law, or teaching, of Moses). For them, this meant following the interpretations of the Torah laid down by generations of teachers. Some Pharisees held that a man was righteous if he had done more good than bad, but Saul apparently followed the stricter group who insisted that even the least implications of the Law must be kept.4
The Pharisees expected a Messiah (Hebrew for “Anointed One”; Greek meaning “Christ”) who would deliver them from oppression and rule with justice. However, Jesus of Nazareth had infuriated many Pharisees by interpreting the Torah differently and claiming a special relationship with God. Thus, when some Jews began to proclaim Jesus as Messiah and Lord (Lord was a term usually reserved for God), strict Pharisees opposed them vehemently.
Saul helped lead the fight against the proclaimers of Jesus Christ in Jerusalem (Acts 7:58-8:3; Galatians 1:13). When some followers of Christ were driven out, Saul obtained permission to pursue them to Damascus. But on the way there, Jesus confronted Saul in a blinding encounter (Acts 9:1-19), revealing to Saul that he was persecuting the very God he professed to worship. From then on, Saul’s understanding of God and the Torah began to change dramatically. He joined those Jews who were urging other Jews to believe in Jesus, and after some years God called him to proclaim Jesus as Savior to the Gentiles also. Saul took the Greek name “Paul” when he turned to work among Gentiles.
Paul the Missionary
Paul’s conversion may have marked his first move outward from cloistered Judaism into pagan culture. He spent ten years in Cilicia and Syria (Galatians 1:21), probably preaching Jesus along with Greek-speaking Jewish Christians. A believer named Barnabas called Paul from Tarsus to Syrian Antioch, where by this time the church was more Gentile than Jewish.
Eventually, the church in Antioch commissioned Paul and Barnabas to evangelize Cyprus and Galatia. The two men traveled from Syrian Antioch to Cyprus, Pisidian Antioch, Iconium, Lystra, Derbe, and then back to Syrian Antioch (Acts 13:1-14:28; 2 Tim. 3:1). In Lystra they were nearly murdered by a mob, but they made some converts, among whom were a Jewish woman named Lois, her daughter Eunice, and Eunice’s son Timothy.
Timothy
Since children of Jewish mothers are reckoned as Jews, Timothy could have been a full Jew. No doubt his gentile neighbors regarded him so, and his mother raised him to know the Jewish Scriptures (2 Tim. 3:15). But Timothy’s father was a Greek, and because of him Timothy had never been circumcised (Acts 16:1-3). Thus, despite his mother’s lineage and his training in the Scriptures, Timothy was a Gentile in the eyes of Jews. His may have been a hard childhood for a sensitive boy, excluded by Gentiles for his Jewishness and by Jews for his uncircumcision.
But when he, his mother, and his grandmother became Christians, Timothy suddenly belonged to a group of people who didn’t care whether or not he was a Jew. He belonged to people who shared together their neighbors’ rejection and their Lord’s promises. Timothy apparently flourished in his new identity, so that even Christians in Iconium, eighteen miles away, “spoke well of him” (Acts 16:2). When Paul returned to the churches he had planted in Galatia two years later, he resolved to take this impressive young disciple with him.
Timothy Commissioned
Paul had another young man with him named Titus, a full Greek. Paul had not even considered circumcising Titus, for he felt strongly that the Jewish ritual law was not binding upon Christians (Galatians 2:3-5). But because Timothy was neither Jew nor Gentile, Paul decided that Timothy would be a more effective evangelist as a full Jew (Acts 16:3). Since circumcision was neither good nor bad to Paul (1 Cor. 7:17-20), he chose to do what seemed most expedient for the gospel (1 Cor. 9:19-23) and circumcised Timothy. Before Paul left Timothy’s home town, he also had the local elders lay hands on the young man to set him apart for his new ministry (1 Tim. 4:14; 2 Tim. 1:6).
Travels
Timothy accompanied Paul through Asia to Macedonia and Achaia (Acts 16:6-19:21), surviving riots, prison, and a criminal trial. During six years of traveling, Timothy learned enough to be trusted with a delicate mission to Corinth, where factions and immorality were splitting the church (1 Cor. 4:17).
Paul rejoined Timothy in Macedonia and traveled to Jerusalem, where Paul was arrested. As a Roman citizen, he appealed for a trial before the emperor, probably hoping to have Christianity officially declared a legal religion. At this point, Timothy ceases to appear in the book of Acts; he may have gone on to strengthen the churches Paul’s group had founded. When Paul wrote 1 Timothy, the young man was in Ephesus (1 Tim. 1:3). Paul launched his fourth missionary journey after his imprisonment in Rome (about AD 60-62). He left Timothy in charge of the community in Ephesus while he went on to Philippi. From there he wrote 1 Timothy with instructions for how Timothy should handle various issues in the church. This letter gave Timothy Paul’s authority in black and white to back up his actions in Ephesus.
NOTES
1A. T. Robertson, “Paul, the Apostle,” THE INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BIBLE ENCYCLOPAEDIA, volume 4 (Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1956), page 2276.
2F. F. Bruce, “Paul: Apostle of the Heart Set Free” (Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1977), pages 41-43.
3Bruce, pages 32-40.
4Bruce, pages 50-51
Warning Against False Teachers of the Law - 1 Timothy 1:1-11
Open It
1. Which would you rather receive from a good friend: a letter, or a phone call? Why?
2. What are some laws that you benefit from directly?
1 Tim. 1:1-4 (The apostle salutes Timothy)
Jesus Christ is a Christian’s hope; all our hopes of eternal life are built upon him; and Christ is in us the hope of glory. The apostle seems to have been the means of Timothy’s conversion; who served with him in his ministry, as a dutiful son with a loving father. That which raises questions, is not for edifying; that which gives occasion for doubtful disputes, pulls down the church rather than builds it up. Godliness of heart and life can only be kept up and increased, by the exercise of faith in the truths and promises of God, through Jesus Christ.
Explore It
1 Tim. 1:1 Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the commandment of God our Saviour, and Lord Jesus Christ, which is our hope;
3. Who wrote this letter? (1:1)
1 Tim. 1:2 Unto Timothy, my own son in the faith: Grace, mercy, and peace, from God our Father and Jesus Christ our Lord.
4. To whom was this letter written? (1:2)
1 Tim. 1:3 As I besought thee to abide still at Ephesus, when I went into Macedonia, that thou mightest charge some that they teach no other doctrine,
5. Why did Paul want Timothy to stay in Ephesus? (1:3-4)
1 Tim. 1:4 Neither give heed to fables and endless genealogies, which minister questions, rather than godly edifying which is in faith: so do.
6. What did Paul say about myths and genealogies? (1:4)
1 Tim. 1:5-11 (The design of the law as given by Moses)
Whatever tends to weaken love to God, or love to the brethren, tends to defeat the end of the commandment. The design of the gospel is answered, when sinners, through repentance towards God and faith in Jesus Christ, are brought to exercise Christian love. And as believers were righteous persons in God’s appointed way, the law was not against them. But unless we are made righteous by faith in Christ, really repenting and forsaking sin, we are yet under the curse of the law, even according to the gospel of the blessed God, and are unfit to share the holy happiness of heaven.
1 Tim. 1:5 Now the end of the commandment is charity out of a pure heart, and of a good conscience, and of faith unfeigned:
7. What was the goal of the command Paul urged Timothy to enforce? (1:5)
1 Tim. 1:6 From which some having swerved have turned aside unto vain jangling;
8. In what way had some believers been misguided? (1:6)
1 Tim. 1:7 Desiring to be teachers of the law; understanding neither what they say, nor whereof they affirm.
9. How did Paul assess those who wanted to be teachers of the law? (1:7)
1 Tim. 1:8 But we know that the law is good, if a man use it lawfully;
10. When is the Law good? (1:8)
1 Tim. 1:9 Knowing this, that the law is not made for a righteous man, but for the lawless and disobedient, for the ungodly and for sinners, for unholy and profane, for murderers of fathers and murderers of mothers, for manslayers,
1 Tim. 1:10 For whoremongers, for them that defile themselves with mankind, for menstealers, for liars, for perjured persons, and if there be any other thing that is contrary to sound doctrine;
11. For whom was the Law made? (1:9-11)
1 Tim. 1:11 According to the glorious gospel of the blessed God, which was committed to my trust.
12. What did God entrust to Paul? (1:11)
Get It
13. When was the last time you wrote someone a letter of encouragement or received such a letter?
14. With whom do you have a relationship of mutual discipleship?
15. What false doctrines still plague many churches today?
16. What sort of doctrines promote controversy in the church?
17. What goals motivate the leaders you respect in your church?
18. What goals motivate your service in the church?
19. In what way should we use God’s law today?
20. What impact does or should God’s law have on your life?
21. How should we determine what is and isn’t sound doctrine?
22. With what unique task has God entrusted you?
Apply It
23. Who is someone to whom you can write a letter of encouragement this week?
24. What steps can you take to make sure your motives are from a pure heart, a good conscience, and a sincere faith?
The Lord’s Grace to Paul - 1 Timothy 1:12-20
Open It
1. Who are some people you know whose lives were dramatically changed at some point? How?
2. What sort of people try your patience the most?
Explore It
1 Tim. 1:12-17 (Of his own conversion and call to the apostleship)
The apostle knew that he would justly have perished, if the Lord had been extreme to mark what was amiss; and also if his grace and mercy had not been abundant to him when dead in sin, working faith and love to Christ in his heart. This is a faithful saying; these are true and faithful words, which may be depended on, That the Son of God came into the world, willingly and purposely to save sinners. No man, with Paul’s example before him, can question the love and power of Christ to save him, if he really desires to trust in him as the Son of God, who once died on the cross, and now reigns upon the throne of glory, to save all that come to God through him. Let us then admire and praise the grace of God our Saviour; and ascribe to the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, three Persons in the unity of the Godhead, the glory of all done in, by, and for us.
1 Tim. 1:12 And I thank Christ Jesus our Lord, who hath enabled me, for that he counted me faithful, putting me into the ministry;
3. Why did Paul thank Jesus? (1:12)
1 Tim. 1:13 Who was before a blasphemer, and a persecutor, and injurious: but I obtained mercy, because I did it ignorantly in unbelief.
4. What did Paul say he once was? (1:13)
5. Why was Paul shown mercy? (1:13)
1 Tim. 1:14 And the grace of our Lord was exceeding abundant with faith and love which is in Christ Jesus.
6. What was poured out on Paul? (1:14)
1 Tim. 1:15 This is a faithful saying, and worthy of all acceptation, that Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners; of whom I am chief.
7. Why did Jesus come into the world? (1:15)
8. How was Paul “the worst”? (1:15)
1 Tim. 1:16 Howbeit for this cause I obtained mercy, that in me first Jesus Christ might shew forth all longsuffering, for a pattern to them which should hereafter believe on him to life everlasting.
9. Why was Paul shown mercy? (1:16)
10. How does a person receive eternal life? (1:16)
1 Tim. 1:17 Now unto the King eternal, immortal, invisible, the only wise God, be honour and glory for ever and ever. Amen.
12. What qualities did Paul ascribe to God? (1:17)
1 Tim. 1:18-20 (The obligation to maintain faith and a good conscience)
The ministry is a warfare against sin and Satan; carried on under the Lord Jesus, who is the Captain of our salvation. The good hopes others have had of us, should stir us up to duty. And let us be upright in our conduct in all things. The design of the highest censures in the primitive church, was, to prevent further sin, and to reclaim the sinner. May all who are tempted to put away a good conscience, and to abuse the gospel, remember that this is the way to make shipwreck of faith also.
1 Tim. 1:18 This charge I commit unto thee, son Timothy, according to the prophecies which went before on thee, that thou by them mightest war a good warfare;
13. Why did Paul give Timothy his instructions? (1:18)
1 Tim. 1:19 Holding faith, and a good conscience; which some having put away concerning faith have made shipwreck:
14. What did Paul say some have done with their faith? (1:19)
1 Tim. 1:20 Of whom is Hymenaeus and Alexander; whom I have delivered unto Satan, that they may learn not to blaspheme.
15. Why did Paul hand Hymenaeus and Alexander over to Satan? (1:20)
Get It
16. To what service has God appointed you?
17. How and when has God shown you mercy?
18. In what way has God used you as an example so that others might believe?
19. How do God’s attributes of being eternal, immortal, and invisible encourage you?
20. In what way is God the King of your life?
21. What does it mean to fight the good fight?
22. What do you fight in your life as a Christian?
23. How and why do people shipwreck their faith?
24. What distractions draw Christians away from their proper course?
Apply It
25. What steps can you take today to ensure that your faith is on the proper course and not in danger of being shipwrecked?
26. For what grace and mercy that God has shown you do you want to thank Him today?
27. What events or experiences in your life can you use to encourage others to believe?
Instructions on Worship - 1 Timothy 2:1-15
Open It
1. What are some of today’s controversial issues?
2. What do you like or dislike about the worship of the church you attend?
3. How would you characterize the worship of the church you attend?
4. What examples show that people in our society are obsessed with their physical appearance?
Explore It
1 Tim. 2:1-7 (Prayer to be made for all persons, since the grace of the gospel makes no difference of ranks or stations)
The disciples of Christ must be praying people; all, without distinction of nation, sect, rank, or party. Our duty as Christians, is summed up in two words; godliness, that is, the right worshipping of God; and honesty, that is, good conduct toward all men. These must go together: we are not truly honest, if we are not godly, and do not render to God his due; and we are not truly godly, if not honest. What is acceptable in the sight of God our Saviour, we should abound in. There is one Mediator, and that Mediator gave himself a ransom for all. And this appointment has been made for the benefit of the Jews and the Gentiles of every nation; that all who are willing may come in this way, to the mercy-seat of a pardoning God, to seek reconciliation with him. Sin had made a quarrel between us and God; Jesus Christ is the Mediator who makes peace. He is a ransom that was to be known in due time. In the Old Testament times, his sufferings, and the glory that should follow, were spoken of as things to be revealed in the last times. Those who are saved must come to the knowledge of the truth, for that is God’s appointed way to save sinners: if we do not know the truth, we cannot be ruled by it.
1 Tim. 2:1 I exhort therefore, that, first of all, supplications, prayers, intercessions, and giving of thanks, be made for all men;
5. What did Paul urge first of all? (2:1-2)
1 Tim. 2:2 For kings, and for all that are in authority; that we may lead a quiet and peaceable life in all godliness and honesty.
6. What did Paul hope would be the result of the church’s prayers? (2:2)
1 Tim. 2:3 For this is good and acceptable in the sight of God our Saviour;
7. What pleases God? (2:2-3)
1 Tim. 2:4 Who will have all men to be saved, and to come unto the knowledge of the truth.
8. What does God want? (2:4)
1 Tim. 2:5 For there is one God, and one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus;
9. For whom is Jesus Christ a mediator? (2:5)
1 Tim. 2:6 Who gave himself a ransom for all, to be testified in due time.
10. For whom did Jesus give Himself? Why? (2:6)
1 Tim. 2:7
Whereunto I am ordained a preacher, and an apostle, (I speak the truth in Christ, and lie not;) a teacher of the Gentiles in faith and verity.
11. Why did Paul insist he was not lying? (2:7)
1 Tim. 2:8 I will therefore that men pray every where, lifting up holy hands, without wrath and doubting.
12. What did Paul want people everywhere to do? (2:8)
1 Tim. 2:8-15 (How men and women ought to behave, both in their religious and common life)
Under the gospel, prayer is not to be confined to any one particular house of prayer, but men must pray every where. We must pray in our closets, pray in our families, pray at our meals, pray when we are on journeys, and pray in the solemn assemblies, whether more public or private. We must pray in charity; without wrath, or malice, or anger at any person. We must pray in faith, without doubting, and without disputing. Women who profess the Christian religion, must be modest in apparel, not affecting gaudiness, gaiety, or costliness. Good works are the best ornament; these are, in the sight of God, of great price. Modesty and neatness are more to be consulted in garments than elegance and fashion. And it would be well if the professors of serious godliness were wholly free from vanity in dress. They should spend more time and money in relieving the sick and distressed, than in decorating themselves and their children. To do this in a manner unsuitable to their rank in life, and their profession of godliness, is sinful. These are not trifles, but Divine commands. The best ornaments for professors of godliness, are good works. According to St. Paul, women are not allowed to be public teachers in the church; for teaching is an office of authority. But good women may and ought to teach their children at home the principles of true religion. Also, women must not think themselves excused from learning what is necessary to salvation, though they must not usurp authority. As woman was last in the creation, which is one reason for her subjection, so she was first in the transgression. But there is a word of comfort; that those who continue in sobriety, shall be saved in child-bearing, or with child-bearing, by the Messiah, who was born of a woman. And the especial sorrow to which the female sex is subject, should cause men to exercise their authority with much gentleness, tenderness, and affection.
1 Tim. 2:9 In like manner also, that women adorn themselves in modest apparel, with shamefacedness and sobriety; not with broided hair, or gold, or pearls, or costly array;
1 Tim. 2:10 But (which becometh women professing godliness) with good works.
13. How should women dress? (2:9-10)
1 Tim. 2:11 Let the woman learn in silence with all subjection.
14. How did Paul instruct women to learn? (2:11)
15. What didn’t Paul permit women to do? (2:11)
1 Tim. 2:12 But I suffer not a woman to teach, nor to usurp authority over the man, but to be in silence.
16. What instructions did Paul give women? (2:9-12)
1 Tim. 2:13 For Adam was first formed, then Eve.
1 Tim. 2:14 And Adam was not deceived, but the woman being deceived was in the transgression.
17. What explanation did Paul give for not allowing women to teach or have authority over men? (2:12-14)
1 Tim. 2:15 Notwithstanding she shall be saved in childbearing, if they continue in faith and charity and holiness with sobriety.
18. In what way did Paul say that women would be saved? (2:15)
Get It
19. For what authorities or leaders should we pray?
20. What sort of prayers should we make on behalf of our leaders?
21. If God wants all people to be saved, why then aren’t all people saved?
22. When have you ever served as a mediator between two people?
23. In what way is Jesus a mediator between us and God?
24. To what task would you say God has appointed you?
25. What does it mean to dress modestly?
26. How does your church understand and apply Paul’s restrictions on women?
27. In what way might a woman be saved through childbearing?
Apply It
28. For what national and international leaders can you pray this week?
29. How can you focus your attention on Christian service and worship of God over outward appearance?
Overseers and Deacons - 1 Timothy 3:1-16
Open It
1. What were some of the qualifications you had to meet for your job?
2. What important qualities should managers possess?
1 Tim. 3:1-7 (The qualifications and behaviour of gospel bishops)
If a man desired the pastoral office, and from love to Christ, and the souls of men, was ready to deny himself, and undergo hardships by devoting himself to that service, he sought to be employed in a good work, and his desire should be approved, provided he was qualified for the office. A minister must give as little occasion for blame as can be, lest he bring reproach upon his office. He must be sober, temperate, moderate in all his actions, and in the use of all creature-comforts. Sobriety and watchfulness are put together in Scripture, they assist one the other. The families of ministers ought to be examples of good to all other families. We should take heed of pride; it is a sin that turned angels into devils. He must be of good repute among his neighbours, and under no reproach from his former life. To encourage all faithful ministers, we have Christ’s gracious word of promise, Lo, I am with you alway, even unto the end of the world, Matthew 28:20. And he will fit his ministers for their work, and carry them through difficulties with comfort, and reward their faithfulness.
Explore It1 Timothy 3:1 This is a true saying, If a man desire the office of a bishop, he desireth a good work.
3. What did Paul say about the person who wants to be an overseer? (3:1)
1 Timothy 3:2 A bishop then must be blameless, the husband of one wife, vigilant, sober, of good behaviour, given to hospitality, apt to teach;
1 Timothy 3:3 Not given to wine, no striker, not greedy of filthy lucre; but patient, not a brawler, not covetous;
4. What qualities must an overseer possess? (3:2-7)
1 Timothy 3:4 One that ruleth well his own house, having his children in subjection with all gravity;
1 Timothy 3:5 (For if a man know not how to rule his own house, how shall he take care of the church of God?)
5. Why is good family management a qualification for being an overseer? (3:4-5)
1 Timothy 3:6 Not a novice, lest being lifted up with pride he fall into the condemnation of the devil.
6. Why shouldn’t the overseer be a new convert? (3:6)
1 Timothy 3:7 Moreover he must have a good report of them which are without; lest he fall into reproach and the snare of the devil.
7. Why must an overseer have a good reputation? (3:7)
1 Tim. 3:8-13 (And of deacons and their wives)
The deacons were at first appointed to distribute the charity of the church, and to manage its concerns, yet pastors and evangelists were among them. The deacons had a great trust reposed in them. They must be grave, serious, prudent men. It is not fit that public trusts should be lodged in the hands of any, till they are found fit for the business with which they are to be trusted. All who are related to ministers, must take great care to walk as becomes the gospel of Christ.
1 Timothy 3:8 Likewise must the deacons be grave, not doubletongued, not given to much wine, not greedy of filthy lucre;
1 Timothy 3:9 Holding the mystery of the faith in a pure conscience.
8. What qualities must a deacon possess? (3:8-10, 12)
1 Timothy 3:10 And let these also first be proved; then let them use the office of a deacon, being found blameless.
9. What is required before someone can serve as a deacon? (3:10)
1 Timothy 3:11 Even so must their wives be grave, not slanderers, sober, faithful in all things.
10. What sort of person must the wife of a deacon be? (3:11)
1 Timothy 3:12 Let the deacons be the husbands of one wife, ruling their children and their own houses well.
1 Timothy 3:13 For they that have used the office of a deacon well purchase to themselves a good degree, and great boldness in the faith which is in Christ Jesus.
11. What do those who serve well gain? (3:13)
12. What benefit is there in serving well? (3:13)
1 Tim. 3:14-16 (The reason of writing about these, and other church affairs)
The church is the house of God; he dwells there. The church holds forth the Scripture and the doctrine of Christ, as a pillar holds forth a proclamation. When a church ceases to be the pillar and ground of truth, we may and ought to forsake her; for our regard to truth should be first and greatest. The mystery of godliness is Christ. He is God, who was made flesh, and was manifest in the flesh. God was pleased to manifest himself to man, by his own Son taking the nature of man. Though reproached as a sinner, and put to death as a malefactor, Christ was raised again by the Spirit, and so was justified from all the false charges with which he was loaded. Angels ministered to him, for he is the Lord of angels. The Gentiles welcomed the gospel which the Jews rejected. Let us remember that God was manifest in the flesh, to take away our sins, to redeem us from all iniquity, and to purify unto himself a peculiar people, zealous of good works. These doctrines must be shown forth by the fruits of the Spirit in our lives.
1 Timothy 3:14 These things write I unto thee, hoping to come unto thee shortly:
1 Timothy 3:15 But if I tarry long, that thou mayest know how thou oughtest to behave thyself in the house of God, which is the church of the living God, the pillar and ground of the truth.
13. Why did Paul write these instructions? (3:14-15)
1 Timothy 3:16 And without controversy great is the mystery of godliness: God was manifest in the flesh, justified in the Spirit, seen of angels, preached unto the Gentiles, believed on in the world, received up into glory.
14. What is said about Jesus in the hymn Paul quoted? (3:16)
Get It
15. What role do you desire in your church?
16. To what noble tasks have you aspired?
17. Which of the character qualities needed by both overseers and deacons do you think is the most important for a church leader to possess?
18. If you applied the lists of qualifications for these positions to yourself, how would you measure up?
19. What is the common ingredient in the lists of qualifications for leaders in the church?
20. What hymn or praise chorus that you know centers on the person and work of Jesus Christ?
Apply It
21. What quality from the lists in 1 Timothy 3 do you want to improve in your life? How could you start?
22. In what way can you serve in your church?
23. What hymn or song could you include in your devotions this week?
Instructions to Timothy - 1 Timothy 4:1-16
Open It
1. Why do you think there is such emphasis on physical fitness in our society?
2. What qualities do you look for in a pastor or minister?
Explore It
1 Tim. 4:1-5 (Of departures from the faith that began already to appear)
The Holy Spirit, both in the Old and the New Testament, spoke of a general turning from the faith of Christ, and the pure worship of God. This should come during the Christian dispensation, for those are called the latter days. False teachers forbid as evil what God has allowed, and command as a duty what he has left indifferent. We find exercise for watchfulness and self-denial, in attending to the requirements of God’s law, without being tasked to imaginary duties, which reject what he has allowed. But nothing justifies an intemperate or improper use of things; and nothing will be good to us, unless we seek by prayer for the Lord’s blessing upon it.
1 Tim. 4:1 Now the Spirit speaketh expressly, that in the latter times some shall depart from the faith, giving heed to seducing spirits, and doctrines of devils;
3. What did the Spirit say some would do in the later time? (4:1)
1 Tim. 4:2 Speaking lies in hypocrisy; having their conscience seared with a hot iron;
4. What did Paul say about the consciences of hypocritical liars? (4:2)
1 Tim. 4:3 Forbidding to marry, and commanding to abstain from meats, which God hath created to be received with thanksgiving of them which believe and know the truth.
5. What did the liars whom Paul attacked forbid people to do? (4:3)
1 Tim. 4:4 For every creature of God is good, and nothing to be refused, if it be received with thanksgiving:
6. What is true about all that God created? (4:4)
1 Tim. 4:5 For it is sanctified by the word of God and prayer.
7. Why should anything received with thanksgiving not be rejected? (4:4-5)
1 Tim. 4:6-10 (Several directions, with motives for due discharge of duties)
Outward acts of self-denial profit little. What will it avail us to mortify the body, if we do not mortify sin? No diligence in mere outward things could be of much use. The gain of godliness lies much in the promise; and the promises to godly people relate partly to the life that now is, but especially to the life which is to come: though we lose for Christ, we shall not lose by him. If Christ be thus the Saviour of all men, then much more will he be the Rewarder of those who seek and serve him; he will provide well for those whom he has made new creatures.
1 Tim. 4:6 If thou put the brethren in remembrance of these things, thou shalt be a good minister of Jesus Christ, nourished up in the words of faith and of good doctrine, whereunto thou hast attained.
8. Under what circumstances would Timothy be a good minister? (4:6)
1 Tim. 4:7 But refuse profane and old wives' fables, and exercise thyself rather unto godliness.
9. What did Paul instruct Timothy to do? (4:7)
1 Tim. 4:8 For bodily exercise profiteth little: but godliness is profitable unto all things, having promise of the life that now is, and of that which is to come.
10. How did Paul contrast physical training with godliness? (4:8)
1 Tim. 4:9 This is a faithful saying and worthy of all acceptation.
1 Tim. 4:10 For therefore we both labour and suffer reproach, because we trust in the living God, who is the Saviour of all men, specially of those that believe.
11. What saying is trustworthy? (4:9-10)
1 Tim. 4:11-16 (Several directions, with motives for due discharge of duties)
Men’s youth will not be despised, if they keep from vanities and follies. Those who teach by their doctrine, must teach by their life. Their discourse must be edifying; their conversation must be holy; they must be examples of love to God and all good men, examples of spiritual-mindedness. Ministers must mind these things as their principal work and business. By this means their profiting will appear in all things, as well as to all persons; this is the way to profit in knowledge and grace, and also to profit others. The doctrine of a minister of Christ must be scriptural, clear, evangelical, and practical; well stated, explained, defended, and applied. But these duties leave no leisure for wordly pleasures, trifling visits, or idle conversation, and but little for what is mere amusement, and only ornamental. May every believer be enabled to let his profiting appear unto all men; seeking to experience the power of the gospel in his own soul, and to bring forth its fruits in his life.
1 Tim. 4:11 These things command and teach.
1 Tim. 4:12 Let no man despise thy youth; but be thou an example of the believers, in word, in conversation, in charity, in spirit, in faith, in purity.
12. What should young people strive for? (4:12)
13. What kind of example did Paul want Timothy to set? (4:12)
1 Tim. 4:13 Till I come, give attendance to reading, to exhortation, to doctrine.
14. To what was Timothy to devote himself? (4:13)
1 Tim. 4:14 Neglect not the gift that is in thee, which was given thee by prophecy, with the laying on of the hands of the presbytery.
15. What was Timothy not to neglect? (4:14)
1 Tim. 4:15 Meditate upon these things; give thyself wholly to them; that thy profiting may appear to all.
16. What did Paul want others to see? (4:15)
1 Tim. 4:16 Take heed unto thyself, and unto the doctrine; continue in them: for in doing this thou shalt both save thyself, and them that hear thee.
17. What could Timothy do to save himself and his hearers? (4:16)
Get It18. For what reasons do people today abandon their faith?
19. From what good things have people persuaded you to abstain?
20. How can we be good ministers of Jesus Christ?
21. What does your use of time show about how much you value training for godliness?
22. In what ways can you be an example to other believers?
23. What importance does your church assign to the public reading of Scripture?
24. What gift has God given to you that you should not neglect?
25. How will watching your life and doctrine save you?
Apply It
26. What specific actions can you schedule into your daily routine to nurture your godliness?
27. For what other Christians can you set an example in speech, life-style, love, faith, or purity? How?
28. How can you keep watch over your life and doctrine this week?
Advice About Widows, Elders and Slaves - 1 Timothy 5:1-6:2
Open It
1. What groups of people are treated with special favor in our society today?
2. Whose responsibility is it to care for the needy?
3. How much money do you think a pastor should make? Why?
4. What adjectives would you use to describe our society’s morality?
Explore It1 Tim. 5:1-2 (Directions as to the elder and younger men and women)
Respect must be paid to the dignity of years and place. The younger, if faulty, must be rebuked, not as desirous to find fault with them, but as willing to make the best of them. There is need of much meekness and care in reproving those who deserve reproof.
1 Tim. 5:1 Rebuke not an elder, but intreat him as a father; and the younger men as brethren;
1 Tim. 5:2 The elder women as mothers; the younger as sisters, with all purity.
5. How should believers treat older men, younger men, older women, and younger women? (5:1-2)
1 Tim. 5:3 Honour widows that are widows indeed.
6. To whom did Paul tell Timothy to give proper recognition? (5:3)
1 Tim. 5:4 But if any widow have children or nephews, let them learn first to shew piety at home, and to requite their parents: for that is good and acceptable before God.
7. What should the children and grandchildren of a widow do? (5:4)
1 Tim. 5:5 Now she that is a widow indeed, and desolate, trusteth in God, and continueth in supplications and prayers night and day.
8. What does the widow who is really in need and left alone do? (5:5)
1 Tim. 5:6 But she that liveth in pleasure is dead while she liveth.
9. What is true about the widow who lives for pleasure? (5:6)
1 Tim. 5:7 And these things give in charge, that they may be blameless.
10. Why did Paul tell Timothy to give these instructions? (5:7)
1 Tim. 5:8 But if any provide not for his own, and specially for those of his own house, he hath denied the faith, and is worse than an infidel.
11. Why is it important to provide for your family? (5:8)
1 Tim. 5:9-16 (Concerning widows)
Every one brought into any office in the church, should be free from just censure; and many are proper objects of charity, yet ought not to be employed in public services. Those who would find mercy when they are in distress, must show mercy when they are in prosperity; and those who show most readiness for every good work, are most likely to be faithful in whatever is trusted to them. Those who are idle, very seldom are only idle, they make mischief among neighbours, and sow discord among brethren. All believers are required to relieve those belonging to their families who are destitute, that the church may not be prevented from relieving such as are entirely destitute and friendless.
1 Tim. 5:9 Let not a widow be taken into the number under threescore years old, having been the wife of one man,
1 Tim. 5:10 Well reported of for good works; if she have brought up children, if she have lodged strangers, if she have washed the saints' feet, if she have relieved the afflicted, if she have diligently followed every good work.
12. When should the church go out of its way to care for widows? (5:9-10)
1 Tim. 5:11 But the younger widows refuse: for when they have begun to wax wanton against Christ, they will marry;
13. Why should younger widows not be put on the “list of widows”? (5:11)
1 Tim. 5:12 Having damnation, because they have cast off their first faith.
14. How do younger widows bring judgment upon themselves? (5:12)
1 Tim. 5:13 And withal they learn to be idle, wandering about from house to house; and not only idle, but tattlers also and busybodies, speaking things which they ought not.
15. To what habits may younger widows fall prey? (5:13)
1 Tim. 5:14 I will therefore that the younger women marry, bear children, guide the house, give none occasion to the adversary to speak reproachfully.
16. What was Paul’s advice to younger widows? (5:14)
1 Tim. 5:15 For some are already turned aside after Satan.
17. What had some of the younger widows already done? (5:15)
1 Tim. 5:16 If any man or woman that believeth have widows, let them relieve them, and let not the church be charged; that it may relieve them that are widows indeed.
18. Why did Paul encourage Christian women to care for the widows in their families? (5:16)
1 Tim. 5:17-25 (The respect to be paid to elders. Timothy is to take care in rebuking offenders, in ordaining ministers, and as to his own health)
Care must be taken that ministers are maintained. And those who are laborious in this work are worthy of double honour and esteem. It is their just due, as much as the reward of the labourer. The apostle charges Timothy solemnly to guard against partiality. We have great need to watch at all times, that we do not partake of other men’s sins. Keep thyself pure, not only from doing the like thyself, but from countenancing it, or any way helping to it in others. The apostle also charges Timothy to take care of his health. As we are not to make our bodies masters, so neither slaves; but to use them so that they may be most helpful to us in the service of God. There are secret, and there are open sins: some men’s sins are open before-hand, and going before unto judgment; some they follow after. God will bring to light the hidden things of darkness, and make known the counsels of all hearts. Looking forward to the judgment-day, let us all attend to our proper offices, whether in higher or lower stations, studying that the name and doctrine of God may never be blasphemed on our account.
1 Tim. 5:17 Let the elders that rule well be counted worthy of double honour, especially they who labour in the word and doctrine.
19. Of what is the elder who directs the affairs of the church worthy? (5:17)
1 Tim. 5:18 For the scripture saith, Thou shalt not muzzle the ox that treadeth out the corn. And, The labourer is worthy of his reward.
20. Why should elders be paid? (5:18)
1 Tim. 5:19 Against an elder receive not an accusation, but before two or three witnesses.
21. How should accusations against an elder be handled? (5:19)
1 Tim. 5:20 Them that sin rebuke before all, that others also may fear.
22. Why should those who sin be rebuked publicly? (5:20)
1 Tim. 5:21 I charge thee before God, and the Lord Jesus Christ, and the elect angels, that thou observe these things without preferring one before another, doing nothing by partiality.
23. How did Paul encourage Timothy to keep these instructions? (5:21)
1 Tim. 5:22 Lay hands suddenly on no man, neither be partaker of other men's sins: keep thyself pure.
24. What did Paul encourage Timothy to do and not to do? (5:22)
1 Tim. 5:23 Drink no longer water, but use a little wine for thy stomach's sake and thine often infirmities.
25. Why did Paul encourage Timothy to use a little wine? (5:23)
1 Tim. 5:24 Some men's sins are open beforehand, going before to judgment; and some men they follow after.
1 Tim. 5:25 Likewise also the good works of some are manifest beforehand; and they that are otherwise cannot be hid.
26. What is the impact of a person’s sins and good deeds? (5:24-25)
1 Tim. 6:1-5 (The duty of Christians towards believing, as well as other masters)
Christians were not to suppose that religious knowledge, or Christian privileges, gave them any right to despise heathen masters, or to disobey lawful commands, or to expose their faults to others. And such as enjoyed the privilege of living with believing masters, were not to withhold due respect and reverence, because they were equal in respect to religious privileges, but were to serve with double diligence and cheerfulness, because of their faith in Christ, and as partakers of his free salvation. We are not to consent to any words as wholesome, except the words of our Lord Jesus Christ; to these we must give unfeigned consent. Commonly those are most proud who know least; for they do not know themselves. Hence come envy, strife, railings, evil-surmisings, disputes that are all subtlety, and of no solidity, between men of corrupt and carnal minds, ignorant of the truth and its sanctifying power, and seeking their worldly advantage.
1 Tim. 6:1 Let as many servants as are under the yoke count their own masters worthy of all honour, that the name of God and his doctrine be not blasphemed.
27. Why should slaves consider their masters worthy of respect? (6:1)
1 Tim. 6:2 And they that have believing masters, let them not despise them, because they are brethren; but rather do them service, because they are faithful and beloved, partakers of the benefit. These things teach and exhort.
28. How should slaves treat masters who are believers? (6:2)
Get It
29. How should we treat fellow Christians?
30. What plan does your church have for caring for the needs of the widows in your church?
31. What sort of people besides widows are tempted to misuse their idle time?
32. What does it mean to care properly for needy family members?
33. Which of your family members need your active care?
34. Are the pastors in your church properly provided for?
35. How do you think a pastor’s salary should be determined? Why?
36. When and how have you learned from the mistakes of others?
37. In what negative ways does favoritism affect how we treat others?
38. How can we keep ourselves pure in a society that does not support God’s ideals?
39. In what way might our sins and good deeds precede us and follow us in life?
Apply It
40. In what area of your life do you need to depend on God to help you keep yourself pure?
41. How can you assist your church in the care of widows or others in need?
42. In what specific ways do you need to treat older men, younger men, older women, or younger women?
Love of Money - 1 Timothy 6:3-10
Open It
1. What evidence do you see of a love for money among your friends or coworkers?
2. Why do you think most people are or aren’t content with what they have?
Explore It
1 Tim. 6:1-5 (The duty of Christians towards believing, as well as other masters)
Christians were not to suppose that religious knowledge, or Christian privileges, gave them any right to despise heathen masters, or to disobey lawful commands, or to expose their faults to others. And such as enjoyed the privilege of living with believing masters, were not to withhold due respect and reverence, because they were equal in respect to religious privileges, but were to serve with double diligence and cheerfulness, because of their faith in Christ, and as partakers of his free salvation. We are not to consent to any words as wholesome, except the words of our Lord Jesus Christ; to these we must give unfeigned consent. Commonly those are most proud who know least; for they do not know themselves. Hence come envy, strife, railings, evil-surmisings, disputes that are all subtlety, and of no solidity, between men of corrupt and carnal minds, ignorant of the truth and its sanctifying power, and seeking their worldly advantage.
1 Tim. 6:3 If any man teach otherwise, and consent not to wholesome words, even the words of our Lord Jesus Christ, and to the doctrine which is according to godliness;
3. What do false teachers ignore? (6:3)
1 Tim. 6:4 He is proud, knowing nothing, but doting about questions and strifes of words, whereof cometh envy, strife, railings, evil surmisings,
4. What harsh words did Paul have for those who teach false doctrines? (6:3-4)
5. In what did the false teachers of Paul’s day have an unhealthy interest? (6:4)
1 Tim. 6:5 Perverse disputings of men of corrupt minds, and destitute of the truth, supposing that gain is godliness: from such withdraw thyself.
6. What was the result of the false teachers’ unhealthy interests? (6:4-5)
7. What did the false teachers of Paul’s day really want? (6:5)
1 Tim. 6:6-10 (The advantage of godliness with contentment)
Those that make a trade of Christianity to serve their turn for this world, will be disappointed; but those who mind it as their calling, will find it has the promise of the life that now is, as well as of that which is to come. He that is godly, is sure to be happy in another world; and if contented with his condition in this world, he has enough; and all truly godly people are content. When brought into the greatest straits, we cannot be poorer than when we came into this world; a shroud, a coffin, and a grave, are all that the richest man in the world can have from all his wealth. If nature should be content with a little, grace should be content with less. The necessaries of life bound a true Christian’s desires, and with these he will endeavour to be content. We see here the evil of covetousness. It is not said, they that are rich, but they will be rich; who place their happiness in wealth, and are eager and determined in the pursuit. Those that are such, give to Satan the opportunity of tempting them, leading them to use dishonest means, and other bad practices, to add to their gains. Also, leading into so many employments, and such a hurry of business, as leave no time or inclination for spiritual religion; leading to connexions that draw into sin and folly. What sins will not men be drawn into by the love of money! People may have money, and yet not love it; but if they love it, this will push them on to all evil. Every sort of wickedness and vice, in one way or another, grows from the love of money. We cannot look around without perceiving many proofs of this, especially in a day of outward prosperity, great expenses, and loose profession.
1 Tim. 6:6 But godliness with contentment is great gain.
8. What brings us great gain? (6:6)
1 Tim. 6:7 For we brought nothing into this world, and it is certain we can carry nothing out.
9. What do we bring into the world? (6:7)
10. What will we take out of the world? (6:7)
1 Tim. 6:8 And having food and raiment let us be therewith content.
11. With what should we be content? (6:8)
1 Tim. 6:9 But they that will be rich fall into temptation and a snare, and into many foolish and hurtful lusts, which drown men in destruction and perdition.
12. What often happens to people who want to get rich? (6:9)
1 Tim. 6:10 For the love of money is the root of all evil: which while some coveted after, they have erred from the faith, and pierced themselves through with many sorrows.
13. What is a root of all kinds of evil? (6:10)
14. What price do some people eager for money pay? (6:10)
Get It
15. What controversial false doctrines have been an issue in your church?
16. How could someone think that godliness was a means to financial gain?
17. How do people attempt to use Christianity for their own profit?
18. Why is it hard to be content?
19. What would it take to make you content right now?
20. What get-rich-quick schemes (big or small) have you fallen for?
21. On a scale of 1 to 10 (10 being very important), how important is money to you?
22. Why do you think that money is important or not very important?
23. How can you guard against placing too much stock in your personal possessions?
Apply It
24. About what situation in life will you ask God to help you be more content each day this week?
25. How can you help a fellow believer keep a proper perspective on money and possessions?
Paul’s Charge to Timothy - 1 Timothy 6:11-21
Open It1. What well-known people or historical figures are known to you as fighters?
2. What sort of goals do people in your profession tend to pursue?
3. What goals do TV commercials and print ads encourage us to pursue?
Explore It
1 Tim. 6:11-16 (A solemn charge to Timothy to be faithful)
It ill becomes any men, but especially men of God, to set their hearts upon the things of this world; men of God should be taken up with the things of God. There must be a conflict with corruption, and temptations, and the powers of darkness. Eternal life is the crown proposed for our encouragement. We are called to lay hold thereon. To the rich must especially be pointed out their dangers and duties, as to the proper use of wealth. But who can give such a charge, that is not himself above the love of things that wealth can buy? The appearing of Christ is certain, but it is not for us to know the time. Mortal eyes cannot bear the brightness of the Divine glory. None can approach him except as he is made known unto sinners in and by Christ. The Godhead is here adored without distinction of Persons, as all these things are properly spoken, whether of the Father, the Son, or the Holy Ghost. God is revealed to us, only in and through the human nature of Christ, as the only begotten Son of the Father.
1 Tim. 6:11 But thou, O man of God, flee these things; and follow after righteousness, godliness, faith, love, patience, meekness.
4. What did Paul tell Timothy to pursue? (6:11)
1 Tim. 6:12 Fight the good fight of faith, lay hold on eternal life, whereunto thou art also called, and hast professed a good profession before many witnesses.
5. What was Timothy urged to fight? (6:12)
6. What did Paul tell Timothy to take hold of? (6:12)
1 Tim. 6:13 I give thee charge in the sight of God, who quickeneth all things, and before Christ Jesus, who before Pontius Pilate witnessed a good confession;
7. Before whom did Timothy make a confession? What kind? (6:12-13)
8. When did Jesus make “the good confession”? (6:13)
1 Tim. 6:14 That thou keep this commandment without spot, unrebukeable, until the appearing of our Lord Jesus Christ:
1 Tim. 6:15 Which in his times he shall shew, who is the blessed and only Potentate, the King of kings, and Lord of lords;
9. How long was Timothy supposed to keep Paul’s command? (6:14-15)
10. When will Christ return? (6:14-15)
1 Tim. 6:16 Who only hath immortality, dwelling in the light which no man can approach unto; whom no man hath seen, nor can see: to whom be honour and power everlasting. Amen.
11. What titles and attributes did Paul ascribe to God? (6:15-16)
1 Tim. 6:17-21 (The apostle repeats his warning to the rich, and closes with a blessing)
Being rich in this world is wholly different from being rich towards God. Nothing is more uncertain than worldly wealth. Those who are rich, must see that God gives them their riches; and he only can give to enjoy them richly; for many have riches, but enjoy them poorly, not having a heart to use them. What is the best estate worth, more than as it gives opportunity of doing the more good? Showing faith in Christ by fruits of love, let us lay hold on eternal life, when the self-indulgent, covetous, and ungodly around, lift up their eyes in torment. That learning which opposes the truth of the gospel, is not true science, or real knowledge, or it would approve the gospel, and consent to it. Those who advance reason above faith, are in danger of leaving faith. Grace includes all that is good, and grace is an earnest, a beginning of glory; wherever God gives grace, he will give glory.
1 Tim. 6:17 Charge them that are rich in this world, that they be not highminded, nor trust in uncertain riches, but in the living God, who giveth us richly all things to enjoy;
12. Why should those who are rich not be arrogant or put their hope in wealth? (6:17)
1 Tim. 6:18 That they do good, that they be rich in good works, ready to distribute, willing to communicate;
13. What command is given to those who are rich? (6:18)
1 Tim. 6:19 Laying up in store for themselves a good foundation against the time to come, tha, t they may lay hold on eternal life.
14. Why would someone want to lay up treasure for themselves? (6:19)
1 Tim. 6:20 O Timothy, keep that which is committed to thy trust, avoiding profane and vain babblings, and oppositions of science falsely so called:
15. What was Timothy to guard? (6:20)
16. What was Timothy to turn away from? (6:20)
1 Tim. 6:21 Which some professing have erred concerning the faith. Grace be with thee. Amen.
17. How had some wandered away from the truth? (6:20-21)
Get It
18. In what way is the Christian life a fight?
19. How are we to pursue righteousness, godliness, faith, love, endurance, and gentleness?
20. What does it mean to “fight the good fight”?
21. Before whom have you made a confession of your faith?
22. How do God’s attributes influence your worship of Him?
23. Why is it so easy for us to trust in our possessions, accomplishments, or abilities?
24. In what ways do people place their treasure here on earth?
25. How can a person lay up treasure in heaven?
26. How is it possible for someone to wander away from the faith?
27. What actions can you take that will store treasure in heaven for you?
Apply It
28. In what way can you pursue righteousness, godliness, faith, love, endurance, or gentleness in your life this week?
29. How can you fight the good fight of faith each day?
30. What preventive measure can you take each day to be sure that you don’t wander from the faith?